#123
Modeling and measurements of Runaway Electron Bremsstrahlung radiation on TCV
Oral
Luke Simons (EPFL)
Jaroslav Cerovsky, Joan Decker, Basil Duval, Ondrej Ficker, Mathias Hoppe, Alysée Khan, Marta Pedrini, Umar Sheikh1, the WPTE Team and the TCV Team
Abstract
Developing techniques for the safe dissipation of the energy carried by Runaway
Electrons (REs) in tokamaks is necessary for the operation of future fusion reactors. Evaluating the efficacy of these techniques requires an understanding of the
energy transferred to the first wall due to the impact of electrons. The heat flux
impinging on the wall in turn depends upon the RE energy distribution prior to the
interaction. To gain further insight into these interactions, a dedicated diagnostic for
measuring the Hard X-Ray (HXR) radiation emitted from the bremsstrahlung collisions
of electrons has been developed, installed and operated on TCV. The design and first
results of the Lanthanum Bromide Detector of Runaway Electrons (LaBrDoRE)
performed at TCV are presented. The diagnostic was calibrated using its own intrinsic
radioactivity and validation of the measurement was demonstrated via comparison with
other diagnostics. Measurements made during discharges with REs provide evidence
for MHD induced transport of runaways as observed previously on other devices, as
well as a reduction in the measured energy in recombined companion plasmas.
In order to interpret the measurement, the interaction of MeV electrons with a TCV
carbon tile has been modelled using Geant4. A parameter scan was performed to
calculate the HXR emission spectrum in terms of the angular and momentum space
distribution function of the photons and the energy deposited by the electrons in the tile
as a function of the initial energy and impact angles of the electron beams with respect
to the tile. This was then used to characterize LaBrDoRE measurements and provide
the information necessary to model heat transport within the target tile.